Description:

Dianabol is the most recognized brand name for this drug, also known in many countries as Dianabol. As a derivative of testosterone, it has been modified to reduce its androgenic (masculinizing) properties while retaining its anabolic (tissue-building) properties. Although it still exhibits considerable androgenicity, its relative level is lower than that of testosterone, hence Dianabol is categorized as an "anabolic" steroid. This drug is primarily designed and sold in oral form, though it can also be found in many veterinary injection formulations. Historically, Dianabol has been the most commonly used oral anabolic/androgenic steroid for physique and performance enhancement purposes.

History:

Dianabol first appeared in 1955 and was released on the U.S. prescription drug market in 1958 under the Ciba Pharmaceuticals brand name. Dr. John Ziegler helped to develop Dianabol into a medicinal drug. He was a team physician for many U.S. Olympic teams, including weightlifting. Ziegler documented the death of Bob Goldman in the locker room, who used steroids at the 1956 World Games, where Russians massively abused testosterone. According to Ziegler, the hormones had noticeable side effects, including severe prostate enlargement requiring catheter assistance for urination. While working with Ciba, the company tested steroids that had lower androgenicity than testosterone but retained tissue-building (anabolic) properties. With Dr. Ziegler’s assistance, Ciba introduced one of the most effective oral "anabolic" steroids to the market—Dianabol. The drug’s success was swift and profound.

Dr. Ziegler's athletes quickly made significant progress in their competitive careers with the help of the drug. However, by the early 1960s, Dianabol had led to widespread steroid abuse in sports. The dosages Dr. Ziegler initially suggested of at least 5 mg/day or up to 15 mg/day were completely disregarded, and athletes opted for more aggressive (and potentially dangerous) dosing strategies. Dr. Ziegler soon became disgusted with the misuse of drugs and eventually became an opponent of performance-enhancing drugs. By 1967, about ten years after first introducing Dianabol to athletes, he vehemently denounced the use of anabolic steroids in sports.

As early as 1965, Dianabol was under scrutiny by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). That year, the FDA demanded Ciba clarify the medical uses of Dianabol, then it was claimed to help debilitated patients and those with bone frailty. By 1970, the FDA acknowledged Dianabol as "possibly effective" in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis and pituitary-deficient dwarfism. These changes were reflected in the drug's prescribing recommendations throughout the seventies, and Ciba was allowed to continue selling and researching the drug. However, Ciba eventually lost patent protection, and companies like Parr, Barr, Bolar, and Rugby soon penetrated the market with their generics.

By the early 1980s, the FDA had receded from its stance on treating "pituitary-deficient dwarfism" as "possibly effective" and continued to demand more data from Ciba on Dianabol. Sufficient clarification never came, and in 1983, Ciba officially withdrew Dianabol from the U.S. market. Perhaps the financial disadvantage had already led them to abandon the idea of getting the drug approved. In 1985, the FDA removed all generic forms of Dianabol from the U.S. market, and most Western countries also removed the drug, finding its primary existence as a sports performance enhancer. Dianabol is still produced today but generally in countries with lax prescription drug regulations and companies still willing to cater to the underground sports market.

Specifications Offered:

Dianabol is widely available in human and veterinary markets. The composition and dosage may vary by country and manufacturer. Dianabol is designed as an oral anabolic steroid containing 2.5mg or 5mg of the steroid per tablet. Modern brands typically contain 5mg or 10mg per tablet. It can also be found in injectable veterinary formulations, usually carrying 25mg/ml of the steroid in an oil-based solution.

Structural Characteristics:

Dianabol is a modified form of testosterone. Its distinctions include: 1) the addition of a methyl group at carbon 17-alpha to protect the hormone during oral administration, and 2) the introduction of a double bond between carbons 1 and 2, which reduces its relative androgenicity. The resulting steroid has much weaker binding affinity to androgen receptors than testosterone, while also exhibiting a shorter half-life and lower affinity for serum-binding proteins. Despite the weaker receptor affinity, these characteristics (among others) still make Dianabol a very effective anabolic steroid. Recent research also confirms that its primary mode of action involves interaction with cellular androgen receptors.

Estrogenic Side Effects:

Dianabol is aromatized by the body and is a moderately estrogenic steroid. Gynecomastia often becomes a problem during treatment, which may manifest early in the cycle (particularly when higher doses are used). Concurrently, water retention can also become an issue during treatment, significantly reducing muscle definition due to the presence of water and fat. Therefore, sensitive individuals might want to control estrogen using anti-estrogens such as Nolvadex and/or Proviron. Aromatase inhibitors such as Anastrozole (Arimidex) may be a more effective method of controlling estrogen. However, compared to standard estrogen maintenance therapies, aromatase inhibitors can be quite expensive and may also negatively affect blood lipids.

Interestingly, Dianabol shares the same structure as Boldenone, except it includes a c17-alpha methyl group. This fact clearly illustrates the impact of this method on steroids, as these two compounds appear very different in their action in the body. A key difference is their tendency to produce estrogenic side effects. In this regard, Boldenone is quite mild, and users usually do not need to incorporate an anti-estrogen. Dianabol is more estrogenic, usually necessitating the use of an anti-estrogen. However, this difference is not because Dianabol is more easily aromatized. In fact, the 17-alpha methyl and the c1-2 double bond both slow the process of aromatization. The issue is actually caused by Dianabol being converted into 17α-methyl estradiol, a biologically more active form of estrogen than estradiol.

Androgenic Side Effects:

While classified as an anabolic steroid, this substance still produces androgenic side effects. These effects may include oily skin, acne, and bouts of body/facial hair growth. Anabolic/androgenic steroids can also exacerbate male pattern baldness. Individuals sensitive to the androgenic effects of Dianabol might find milder anabolic steroids like nandrolone decanoate more tolerable. Women are also cautioned that anabolic/androgenic steroids pose a potential for virilization. These effects can include deepening of the voice, irregular menstrual cycles, changes in skin texture, facial hair growth, and clitoral enlargement.

Although Dianabol is converted into a more potent steroid through interaction with 5-alpha reductase (the enzyme responsible for converting testosterone to dihydrotestosterone), it has very low affinity for this enzyme. The resulting androgenic metabolite 5-alpha-dihydro-methandrostenolone is also minimal, so finasteride or dutasteride does not significantly affect Dianabol's relative androgenicity.

Liver Toxicity:

Dianabol is a c17-alpha alkylated compound. This alteration protects the drug from deactivation by the liver, allowing a very high percentage of the drug entry into the bloodstream following oral administration. C17-alpha alkylated anabolic/androgenic steroids can be hepatotoxic. Long-term or high-degree use can lead to liver damage. In extreme cases, life-threatening dysfunction could occur. It is recommended to regularly visit a physician to monitor liver function and overall health during each cycle. The intake of c17-alpha alkylated steroids is usually limited to 6-8 weeks to avoid elevated liver strain.

Research shows that a few weeks of Dianabol administration can offer minimal liver stress, provided the dose does not exceed 10 mg per day. At a daily dose of 15 mg, most patients will begin to show signs of liver function disorder due to clinically elevated bromsulphalein (a marker of liver stress). Even at daily doses of 2.5 and 5 mg, an increase in BSP has been observed in patients. Severe liver complications are relatively rare, as most individuals use oral anabolic/androgenic steroids cyclically. However, the risks associated with Dianabol, particularly at high doses or extended durations of administration, should not be underestimated.

When taking any hepatotoxic anabolic/androgenic steroid, it is advisable to use liver detoxification supplements such as Liver Stabil, Liv-52, or Hepatoguard.

Cardiovascular Effects:

Anabolic/androgenic steroids can have deleterious effects on serum cholesterol. This includes tendencies to lower HDL (good) cholesterol values and raise LDL (bad) cholesterol values, which may shift the HDL to LDL balance, thus increasing the risk of arteriosclerosis. The relative impact of an anabolic/androgenic steroid on serum lipids is dependent on the dose, route of administration (oral vs. injection), the type of steroid (aromatizable or non-aromatizable), and level of resistance to hepatic metabolism. Because of its resistance to hepatic breakdown and method of administration, Dianabol has a potent effect on cholesterol management by the liver. Anabolic/androgenic steroids can also negatively impact blood pressure and triglycerides, reduce endothelial relaxation, and cause ventricular hypertrophy, all potentially increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease and myocardial infarction.

To help reduce cardiovascular strain, it is advisable to maintain an active cardiovascular exercise program and minimize the intake of saturated fats, cholesterol, and simple carbohydrates at all times during AAS administration. It is also recommended to supplement with fish oil (4 grams per day) and a natural cholesterol/antioxidant formula such as Lipid Stabil or a similar product.

Testosterone Suppression:

All anabolic/androgenic steroids when taken in doses sufficient to promote muscle gain are expected to suppress endogenous testosterone production. Dianabol is no exception to this and can exert a strong influence on the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis. A clinical study administering 15 mg/day of resistance-trained males over an 8-week period resulted in an average plasma testosterone decrease of 69%. Without intervention with testosterone-stimulating substances, testosterone levels should return to normal within 1-4 months of drug secession. Note that prolonged hypogonadotropic hypogonadism can develop secondary to steroid abuse, necessitating medical intervention.

In addition to the side effects mentioned, for a more detailed discussion of potential side effects, please refer to the Steroid Side Effects section of this book.

Therapeutic Guidelines (General):

Research suggests that taking oral anabolic steroids with food may decrease their bioavailability. This is caused by the fat-soluble nature of steroid hormones, which can cause some of the drug to dissolve with undigested dietary fat, reducing its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. To maximize utilization, this type of steroid should be taken on an empty stomach.

Therapeutic Guidelines (Men):

The original prescribing guidelines for Dianabol called for a daily dosage of 5 mg. Intermittent administration, and continuous use should not exceed 6 weeks. Afterward, a rest period of 2 to 4 weeks is recommended before resuming therapy. For physique or performance enhancement purposes, the drug is also used intermittently, typically in cycles lasting 6 to 8 weeks, followed by a cessation period of 6-8 weeks. While a low daily dose of 5 mg may be effective for performance enhancement, athletes typically require higher amounts. Daily three to six 5 mg tablets (15-30 mg) are most common and usually produce very noticeable results. Some ventures are even higher, but this practice can lead to more severe side effects and is generally not encouraged.

Dianabol stacks well with various other steroids, particularly with mild anabolics like nandrolone decanoate. This combination can yield good muscle and strength gains, but side effects won't be much worse than Dianabol alone. For pure mass, longer-acting testosterone such as testosterone cypionate or testosterone enanthate can be used. However, because this androgen is characterized by high estrogenic/androgenic properties, side effects will be more pronounced. The gains are also particularly noticeable, so it is usually worth the user's while. As previously stated, auxiliary drugs can be added to reduce cycle-related side effects.

Dianabol's half-life is only 3 to 5 hours. A single daily dosage schedule will produce a varying blood level, with ups and downs throughout the day. Similarly, users can choose to take their tablets all at once or divide them throughout the day. The usual advice is to split them into several doses and try to regulate the concentration in the blood. However, if taken all at once, then the blood peak will be lower, so this option needs to be weighed. Both options can work well, but the overall effects of a single daily dose are better. With such a plan, it then makes sense to take the pills earlier in the day. This will increase androgen-rich metabolism for a longer duration of the daylight hours, thereby improving nutrient uptake, especially during the critical post-training period.

Therapeutic Guidelines (Women):

Dianabol, while being a particularly popular steroid among men, may exhibit strong virilizing symptoms when used by women. However, some attempt to use it and find that a low dose of this steroid (2.5-5mg) is quite effective for new muscle growth. Studies indicate that most women will notice acne on a daily dosage of 10 mg, suggesting it is virilizing. Doses as low as 2.5 mg per day can cause side effects in children.

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